OSI vs TCP/IP

Explain the layers for each OSI and TCP/IP models, Include the common protocols for each model.

OSI Model Layer

OSI Reference Model Layer Summary 

TCP/IP Models

                                 *Network(Internet)

TCP/IP and OSI protocols

TCP/IP and OSI protocols

Link Layer (Network Interface)

Ethernet -  It specifies how network data collisions are handled along with hardware addressing of network cards

Network Layer

IP -  IP provides the mechanism to use software to address and manage data packets being sent to computers.

ARP - Address Resolution Protocol enables the packaging of IP data into ethernet packages. It is the system and messaging protocol that is used to find the ethernet (hardware) address from a specific IP number. Without this protocol, the ethernet package could not be generated from the IP package, because the ethernet address could not be determined.  

Transport Layer

TCP - A reliable connection oriented protocol used to control the management of application level services between computers. It is used for transport by some applications.

UDP - An unreliable connection less protocol used to control the management of application level services between computers. It is used for transport by some applications which must provide their own reliability.

Application Layer

HTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol is used to transport HTML pages from web servers to web browsers. The protocol used to communicate between web servers and web browser software clients. 

FTP - File Transfer Protocol allows file transfer between two computers with login required.

Telnet is used to remotely open a session on another computer. It relies on TCP for transport and is defined by RFC854.

DHCP - Dynamic host configuration protocol is a method of assigning and controlling the IP addresses of computers on a given network. It is a server based service that automatically assigns IP numbers when a computer boots. This way the IP address of a computer does not need to be assigned manually. This makes changing networks easier to manage.  

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